Technological Change: Real-World Examples

Worked IB Economics case studies on technological change — what happened, how to deploy it in a 15-mark answer, and the evaluation points on both sides.

The ibonomics mascot producing AI music while thinking of its implications

Technological Change

AI Music and the Background-Music Market: Supply, Elasticity and Creative Work

Global2024–present

Generative AI has expanded the supply of background music, changing market pressures and opportunities for composers and producers.

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AI data centres supplying computing capacity to developers using large language models through paid API tokens.

Technological Change

Google and the AI Inference Market: Demand, Supply and Elasticity

United States2022–present

Google's AI token usage rose sharply while capacity and efficiency expanded, illustrating demand shifts and short-run inelastic supply.

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